1. Black Monday (1987): On October 19, 1987, global stock markets crashed, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) dropping by 22.6% in a single day, triggering a worldwide recession.
2. Dot-com Bubble Burst (2000): Beginning in March 2000, the burst of the dot-com bubble resulted in a significant decline in stock prices for technology companies, as many overvalued internet-based companies failed.
3. Global Financial Crisis (2008): The subprime mortgage crisis in the United States led to a global financial crisis, causing a severe stock market crash. Many major stock indices, including the DJIA, experienced significant declines.
4. Flash Crash (2010): On May 6, 2010, the U.S. stock market experienced a rapid and severe decline, with the DJIA dropping nearly 9% within minutes. However, the market recovered quickly.
5. European Debt Crisis (2011): The fear of default by several European countries led to significant market volatility. Numerous stock markets experienced sharp declines, with some countries’ indices reaching multi-year lows.
6. China Stock Market Crash (2015): The Chinese stock market crashed in mid-2015 after a period of rapid growth, resulting in significant declines. The crisis had a global impact on markets.
7. Brexit Referendum (2016): The announcement of the United Kingdom’s referendum on leaving the European Union in June 2016 created uncertainty in financial markets, causing a sharp drop in stock prices.
8. COVID-19 Pandemic (2020): The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a severe stock market crash in February-March 2020. Many indices experienced record declines as countries implemented lockdown measures.
9. GameStop Short Squeeze (2021): In January 2021, a group of small investors coordinated to buy shares of GameStop, causing a significant short squeeze. This led to extreme volatility and unexpected market movement.
10. Evergrande Crisis (2021): The ongoing crisis surrounding China’s Evergrande Group, one of the world’s largest real estate developers, caused significant concerns about potential contagion to other sectors, resulting in market turbulence.